SF 105 
.S57 
Copy 1 



1 horoughbreds 

How to Create 
Them 

With Breeding Chart in 
Two Colors 

Price $1.00 



Copyrighted 1915, by 
J. W. SHRYOCK, MISSOULA, MONT. 



THOROUGHBREDS-HOW TO CRE- 
ATE THEM- WITH BREEDING 
CHART IN TWO 
COLORS 



Price $1.00 



Copyrighted 1915, by 
J. W. SHRYOCK, MISSOULA, MONT. 






Dunslan Printery 



Missoula, Montana 



MAY l!5 1.915 

€)CI.A399783 



THOROUGHBREDS-HOW TO CREATE THEM 



Introduction 

But few persons engaged in raising live 
stock of any kind, or those engaged in rais- 
ing poultry.understand how to improve their 
breed or how to produce thoroughbreds of 
a particular strain. The reason why there 
is not a more intimate knowledge of the 
subject is because those who know, find it 
profitable to guard the secret. 

To breed a strain or line it is necessary 
to inbreed. Mixing blood relations has al- 
ways been abhorrent to man, but aside from 
this, the mixing of blood relations in the hu- 
man family, has its psychological side. It is 
generally conceded that mind exerts a ma- 
terial influence over: matter. The animal 
possesses very limited reasoning power, 
hence psychology can have no bearing upon, 
or influence in, the creation or formation of 



THOROUGHBREDS— HOW TO CREATE THEM 

tissue in the lower animals. They possess 
no innate knowledge of the subject. This 
point is abundantly illustrated in the rabbit 
and chicken. As soon as sex develops in a 
litter of rabbits; in fact, as soon as they are 
weaned, the doe no longer exercises mater- 
nal instindt over them. If allowed to remain 
until sex develops, the doe will mate with 
son and brothers with sisters. In the wild 
or natural state, blood relationship is not a 
consideration. The U. S. government has 
practiced inbreeding in its tensest form at its 
experiment stations, carrying it to the tenth 
or twelfth generation without the least sign 
of deterioration. 

To avoid deterioration in a strain, it is 
only necessary to keep, up the supply of new 
blood, not from the outside with blood you 
know nothing about, but from your own 
herd, which is represented in the chart by 
the middle line of progeny indicated by 



THOROUGHBREDS-HOW TO CREATE THEM 

the letter X. This breeding chart is appli- 
cable to all kinds of poultry or animals, but 
for illustrative purposes the rabbit will be 
used. What is said of the rabbit applies to 
chickens, guinea pigs, etc. 

Pedigree is a myth when applied to rab- 
bits or poultry breeding because of the many 
generations in a short period of time. The 
pedigree of a rabbit only goes back three 
generations; that is the one issued to you. 

It is blood that tells, color and weight 
being right, and it is the surest way to get 
what you want. 

In purchasing thoroughbreds, when col- 
or and weight are right, it is more satisfac- 
tory to know the blood proportions than to 
buy the name of sire or dam because of 
winning a blue ribbon. 



THOROUGHBREDS— HOW TO CREATE THEM 

How to Create New Strains 
of Poultry or Live Stock 

The chart shows four lines of descent 
and one line of new blood. The two lines on 
the right show a preponderance of male 
blood and the two lines on the left show a 
preponderance of female blood in each 
group or litter. The line in the middle, 1 X 
to 5X, represents one half the blood of each 
of the original male and female, (A and B), 
and is a supply of new blood to be drawn 
upon in keeping up the blood and vigor 
of the drains, instead of resorting to the out- 
side for blood you know nothing about and 
may not give satisfaction. 

The progeny of the X's mu^ never be 
crossed one with the other, no matter if they 
do present superior specimens. They must 
be mated with one of the other strains. To 



THOROUGHBREDS-HOW TO CREATE THEM 

mate one X with another X for three or 
four generations spells failure and in chickens 
this also means fewer eggs and a very small 
per cent of them will be fertile. You can- 
not make up the deficiency by feeding or 
by using any artificial remedy. Breed by 
the chart and you will find that artificial egg 
produdion remedies are an unnecessary ex- 
pense. 

The black lines on the chart represent 
the male B, and the red lines the female A. 

The fractions in red represent the propor- 
tion of female blood (A), and the fractions 
in black the proportion of male blcod (B), 
in the group immediately above them. The 
letter A on the left represents the female or 
doe and the letter B on the right the male 
or buck, from which you wish to produce 
a strain of rabbits of good blood. 

If the doe A possesses a preponderence of 
female blood from her parents that is great- 
7 



THOROUGHBREDS-HOW TO CREATE THEM 

er than the preponderence of male blood in 
buck B, received from his parents then the pro- 
geny from such a mating will show the char- 
acteristics of the doe. If the preponderance 
of male blood in the buck B received from 
his parents is greater than the preponderance 
of female blood in the doe A then the pro- 
geny will take on the characteristics of the 
buck. The doe may possess a greater 
amount of female than male blood which 
may be from 1 - 1 6 to 15-16 and the same 
applies to the buck, (see chart). If female 
blood predominates in the pair the charact- 
eristics of the doe will be inherited by the 
progeny, and vice versa if male blood pre- 
dominates. If a doe from E is mated to a 
buck from P there will be a preponderance 
of female blood in the mating; if a doe from 
H is mated with a buck from Q there will 
be a preponderance of male blood in the ma- 
ting. In the fir^ mating the progeny will 

8 



THOROUGHBREDS— HOW TO CREATE THEM 

possess the characteristics of the dam and 
in the second mating those of the sire. 

Information as to the proportion of blood 
in rabbits or chickens you purchase is 
never given you; they are all thoroughbreds 
in the eyes of the seller. There are very 
few breeders that know the blood status of 
their stock, other than that they purchased 
their originals for thoroughbreds or because 
their parents won a blue ribbon at the fair. 

To start a strain of rabbits, if you have 
not the desired material on hand, you should 
get the best you can buy from a reliable 
and trustworthy breeder (such breeders are 
very few in number). Because you are 
quoted $23 for a buck or $20 for a doe, 
it is no indication that rabbits at those 
figures are any better than you can get for 
seven to ten dollars from a reputable dealer. 
The high price is a bait for those who think 
they are getting a superior article for a su- 
9 



THOROUGHBREDS— HOW TO CREATE THEM 

perior price, or because of the blue ribbon 
fad. Because of taking a prize gives you 
no certainty that the prize winner will be 
duplicated in its progeny, unless the breed- 
er understands blood breeding and prac- 
tices it. 

Your fir^ step In strain breeding Is to mate A 
with B, which will give you ^. Mate a buck 
from^ back to its dam, A, and the result will be 

C. Mate a buck C back to A and you get E. 
Mate a doe from ^ back to its sire B and you get 

D. Mate a doe from D back to B and you get 
H. Now by mating the does and bucks of C 
and D you get ^, again one-half the blood of A 
and B. If you mate E and H or F and G, you 
obtain the same result~one-half the blood of 
A and B--and the same result obtains all the way 
down the chart with similar matings. By study- 
ing the chart you can figure out the amount of 
male and female blood you will obtain by any 
mating you may make and knew before making it 

10 



THOROUGHBREDS-HOW TO CREATE THEM 

whether the result will be profit or loss. The 
chart illustrates how you can increase the propor- 
tions of blood in the progeny or strain you wish 
to develop up to |^, which is as near to thorough- 
breds as you can approach. In England % blood 
in cattle breeding is called full blood. 

I append a table showing the amount of blood 
of each of the original pair A and B resulting from 
the different matings. 



THOROUGHBREDS— HOW TO CREATE THEM 



TABLE 





BLOOD 




BLOOD 


A + B= 


= i'/2A'/2B 


G + ^- 


-J 3^2 A 


II B 


i+A= 


=C 3/4 " 1/4 ■• 


F+G= 


-i Vi " 


'/2" 


i + B= 


= D 1/4 " % " 


E+A= 


=L Ii" 


5 » 
16 


C + A= 


= EV6"Va" 


H + ^ = 


= M,V 


11 «( 
16 


D+B= 


=H '/s " % " 


E + H= 


-r/2" 


1/2" 


E+A= 


= F ]l" ,'6" 


L + M= 


-^ '/2 " 


'/2" 


H + B= 


^ 16 16 


K+^ = 


21 '« 
U 32 


11 .« 

32 


E+C= 


LT 13 .< 3 « 
~i^ 16 16 


N+^ = 


rv 32 


21 «« 
32 


H + D= 


— M 3 »« 13 " 
^i^ 16 16 


K + M 


= P ,'6 " 


7 « 
16 


F+^ = 


T 23 «« 9 '« 
" 1 32 32 


L+N = 


-Q 4" 


9 »« 
16 



The following matings will also give you half 
bloods of A and B: 



I + J 


R 


K>N 


P Q 


LxM 





12 



THOROUGHBREDS-HOW TO CREATE THEM 

You will note that F and G possess the highest 
blood proportions of A and B which is the nearest 
to full blood obtainable by any mating that can be 
made. By mating either strain or line with the X 
lines of progeny you will keep up the vigor of a 
strain and maintain the characteristics desired. 

Don't forget the preponderance of blood when 
mating, especially when it comes to the question 
of color. You should keep a record of your 
matings showing the blood proportions. If you 
place a doe or litter from K in pen 6 make your 

K 

record entry read A\^ B,^^ with date of birth. 
The same information placed on the number 
card of the pen will often save looking up the 
record. 

Lack of this knowledge of new blood accounts 
for much discouragement and many failures in the 
poultry business. It accounts for poor layers and 
so much teeing out of incubators. Many try to 
remedy the lack of egg production and deteriora- 
tion of the flock by feeding.using artificial remedies 
13 



THOROUGHBREDS— HOW TO CREATE THEM 

and occasionally adding a new male bird, all of 
which will not bring the desired results. You 
must use system, produce new blood on both the 
male and female sides, if you want eggs and fine 
chickens. It cannot be done artificially with artifi- 
cial remedies. Take nature into your confidence; let 
her rules and laws work for you and you will obtain 
a liberal supply of eggs and good stock without 
the artificial remedies so liberally exploited today, 
which are an unnecessary expense and fail in the 
end. 

Suppose you wish to start a new strain of rab- 
bits, mate a white angora buck possessing half and 
half male and female blood,with a steel grey Flemish 
doe of similar blood qualifications and the progeny 
will be white with a grey streak one or two inches 
wide the whole length of the back, with spots on 
either side, and grey on the head and ears. To 
breed a strain of them follow the chart. 



14 



-^(x 






'\ 




THOROUGHBREDS--HOW TO CREATE THEM 

Mating for Sex 

Sometimes it is desirable to secure more males 
than females, or more females than males. 

To do this it is only necessary to note the pro- 
portions of male and female blood in the matings 
you wish to make. If the male possesses three- 
quarters female blood and the female one -half, the 
majority of the progeny resulting from the mating 
will be female. If the male possesses three quarters 
male blood and the female one-half, the resulting 
progeny will have mere males than females. If the 
male possesses three-quarters female blood and 
the female three-quarters female blood there will 
be but one or two males in the resulting litter. 
Reverse the blood proportions and make it male 
preponderance instead of female and there will be 
but one or two females in the resulting litter. This 
information is valuable to the breeder and it can- 
not be obtained in any other work. 



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